Dupilumab suppressed mRNA expressions of genes related to activation of T cells, DCs, eosinophils, inflammatory pathways, and TH2-inducing chemokines in skin lesions. No significant reduction in IL-17A or IL-22 levels is detected, but large reductions in expression of IL-17–related genes, such as elafin (PI3), IL23p19/IL23A, and S100A8 and trends for suppression (CXCL1 and S100A7) are found with 300 mg of Dupilumab.

Major suppressions of hyperplasia-related genes (eg, K16) and reductions in expression of S100A genes are evident with 300 mg of Dupilumab by using microarrays and qRT-PCR. The changes in other critical epidermal alterations in severe atopic dermatitis (AD) skin are also measured, including significant increases in claudin and lipid product levels with 300 mg of Dupilumab. A trend of dose-dependent increases in expression of differentiation genes (LOR and FLG) is observed after adjusting for suppression of epidermal hyperplasia, as demonstrated by K16 reductions with Dupilumab.

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